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THE ABUSE OF POLICE AUTHORITY: A NATIONAL STUDY OF POLICE OFFICERS' ATTITUDES (2001). David Weisburd, Rosann Greenspan, Edwin E. Hamilton, Kellie A. Bryant, Hubert Williams. $24.95 (197 pages/41 tables/figures) ISBN 1-884614-17-5.
The results of the first truly representative national survey of how America's rank-and-file police officers and their supervisors view critical issues of abuse of police authority. Officer responses are also analyzed according to rank, race, region of the U.S., and size of department. The survey instrument with responses is included. Presented are officers' views on:
Whether abuse of police authority is a necessary byproduct of efforts to reduce and control crime;
What types of abuse and attitudes toward abuse are observed in their departments, including the code of silence, whistle blowing, and the extent to which a citizen's race, demeanor, and class affect the way police officers treat them;
What strategies or tactics-including first-line supervision, community policing, citizen review boards, and training-do police officers consider to be effective means of preventing police abuse of authority.
THE CINCINNATI TEAM POLICING EXPERIMENT: A SUMMARY REPORT (1977). Alfred I. Schwartz and Sumner N. Clarren. $10.00 (63 pages)
Concludes that neighborhood team policing is hard to maintain but is a potentially useful alternative to traditional police patrol methods.
vCOMMUNITY POLICING IN MADISON: QUALITY FROM THE INSIDE, OUT. TECHNICAL REPORT (1993). Mary Ann Wycoff and Wesley G. Skogan.$15.00 (139 pages)
This report is the evaluation of the effort by the Madison, Wisconsin, Police Department to create a new organizational design—structural and managerial—to support community-oriented and problem-oriented policing. The report describes the effort to bring about change in policing from "the inside, out." Internal changes would be followed by external changes.
vCOMMUNITY POLICING STRATEGIES: DRAFT FINAL REPORT (1994). Mary Ann Wycoff.$20.00 (274 pages)
This report summarizes the findings from a national survey conducted in 1993 to determine the number of departments in the U.S. that were implementing community policing or were planning to do so. The survey also sought to determine how community policing is defined operationally by the departments that espouse it and how it differs from more traditional forms of policing.
COMPSTAT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE IN THE LOWELL POLICE DEPARTMENT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES (10.2MB). (2004). James J. Willis, Stephen D. Mastrofski, David Weisburd, Rosann Greenspan. (96 pages). $15.00 ISBN 1-884614-19-1
This report examines the special challenges and opportunities that arise when small departments try to institute a program of organizational change that originated in much larger agencies. The report serves three purposes: (1) to provide a detailed description of Lowell’s Compstat program that should interest police chiefs and other police personnel who are curious about Compstat; (2) to explain the benefits and challenges of implementing the various key elements of Compstat; and (3) to use our knowledge of Lowell to provide some insights into Compstat’s future in law enforcement.
COMPSTAT IN PRACTICE: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THREE CITIES (2004). James J. Willis, Stephen D. Mastrofski, and David Weisburd. (96 pages/705 kb) (available online only).
This report explores the relationship between the theory and practice of Compstat in three police departments of different size, organizational structure, and crime environment. It shows how police managers and officers adapted their routine tasks and activities to Compstat’s focus on accountability, innovative problem solving, and crime fighting. The challenges they faced in doing so reflected the culture of the individual department, the availability of resources for personnel, the sophistication of technology, and management’s commitment to the program. The distinct experiences of the three departments—Lowell, MA; Minneapolis, MN; and Newark, NJ—reveal Compstat’s complexities, highlight its contributions, and provide some insights into the direction it is leading U.S. policing.
vEVALUATING PATROL OFFICER PERFORMANCE UNDER COMMUNITY POLICING: THE HOUSTON EXPERIENCE. TECHNICAL REPORT (1993). Mary Ann Wycoff and Timothy N. Oettmeier. $15.00 (147 pages)
The Police Foundation and the Houston Police Department worked to develop and test a new personnel evaluation process in support of neighborhood-oriented policing in Houston. The study concluded that a performance measurement process designed to reinforce officer functions can provide structural support for a philosophy of policing and for structural change.
THE GROWTH OF COMPSTAT IN AMERICAN POLICING. A Police Foundation Report (April 2004)(211 KB) (available online only) by David Weisburd, Stephen D. Mastrofski, Rosann Greenspan, and James J. Willis
This research-in-brief describes the national survey that assessed the number of U.S. police agencies using Compstat and measured the degree to which the elements of Compstat were part of their routine and structure. This is the second report in a series of three that resulted from the larger, NIJ-funded project, Compstat and Organizational Change: Findings from a National Survey.
NEWARK FOOT PATROL EXPERIMENT (1981). George L. Kelling, Antony Pate, Amy Ferrara, Mary Utne, and Charles E. Brown.$15.00 (137 pages)
The results of this experiment suggest that while foot patrol may not reduce crime, it reduces citizen fear of crime. Residents see their communities as safer and better places to live, and are more satisfied with police services.
PROBLEM ANALYSIS IN POLICING(621 KB)March 2003. by Rachel Boba. (64 pages) ISBN 1-884614-18-3(Click on the above link for the PDF version or click here to order printed version.)
This report introduces and defines problem analysis and provides guidance on how problem analysis can be integrated and institutionalized into modern policing practices. This report is not a “how to” guide on conducting problem analysis, but is a summary of ideas and recommendations about what problem analysis is, what skills and knowledge are necessary to conduct it, and how it can be advanced by the police community, academia, the federal government, and other institutions. The ideas and recommendations in this report come primarily from a two-day forum conducted in February 2002 by the Police Foundation and the US Department of Justice’s Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS Office), in which a group of academics, practitioners, and policy makers came together to discuss problem analysis and make recommendations for its progress. This report is a culmination of the concepts and ideas that were discussed in the forum and includes specific, relevant statements made by participants.
REDUCING FEAR OF CRIME IN HOUSTON AND NEWARK: A SUMMARY REPORT (1986). Antony M. Pate, Mary Ann Wycoff, Wesley G. Skogan, and Lawrence W. Sherman.$15.00 (47 pages)
The research summarized here demonstrates that there are strategies police can use to reduce levels of perceived crime and disorder, reduce attendant fear, heighten satisfaction with police services and neighborhoods, and, in some cases, reduce crime itself.
vFEAR REDUCTION REPORTS (1985).Executive Summary - $10.00 eachTechnical Reports - $25.00 each
Reports of various aspects of community policing in Houston and Newark. An Executive Summary and Technical Report were produced for each study.
Citizen Contact Patrol: The Houston Field Test
The Houston Victim Recontact Experiment
Police Community Stations: The Houston Field Test
Police as Community Organizers: The Houston Field Test
Neighborhood Police Newsletters: Experiments in Newark and Houston
Coordinated Community Policing: The Newark Experience
Reducing the "Signs of Crime": The Newark experience (Technical Report not available)
INNER-CITY CRIME CONTROL. CAN COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS CONTRIBUTE? (1990). Anne Thomas Sulton.$10.00 (123 pages)
Chronicles community crime reduction programs across the country, discussing strategies and techniques that should be considered in shaping urban crime control policy and research. The 18 model programs discussed are sponsored by an array of community institutions, including schools, churches, businesses, civic groups, and juvenile and criminal justice agencies.
SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY PROFILE: FINAL REPORT (1975). John E. Boydstun and Michael E. Sherry.$10.50 (136 pages)
An evaluation by System Development Corporation of the San Diego Community Profile Development Project, designed to increase—through greater community involvement—patrol officers' ability to deal with the problems for the citizens on their beats.
TEAM POLICING: SEVEN CASE STUDIES (1973). Lawrence W. Sherman, Catherine H. Milton, and Thomas V. Kelly.$10.00 (108 pages)
Examines, on a case-by-case basis, team policing as it existed in several cities in the early 1970s.